379. RCCP
Rough-Cut Capacity Planning (RCCP): a feasibility check on the MPS. Estimates whether key resources (workforce, machines, materials) can support the planned production before committing to MRP.
379.1. Why RCCP
MPS plans what to produce. Without RCCP, the plan might be infeasible — exceed available capacity → MRP will issue impossible orders → cascading delays.
RCCP catches this at the strategic / tactical level before detailed MRP runs.
379.2. Bills of capacity / bills of resources
A bill of capacity — like a BOM but for capacity — specifies how much of each critical resource each end product consumes.
Example: Product Bicycle:
- 0.5 hours on Assembly line A
- 0.3 hours on Welding station
- 1.2 hours of skilled-labor
Plan to produce 1,000 bicycles in week 5:
- Need 500 hours of Line A
- Need 300 hours of Welding
- Need 1,200 hours of skilled labor
379.3. Capacity gap check
For each critical resource and each MPS week:
If slack is negative for any (resource, week), the MPS is infeasible.
379.4. Capacity vs Loading
| RCCP | Detailed CRP (Capacity Requirements Planning) | |
|---|---|---|
| When | Before MRP | After MRP |
| Resources | Few critical (work centers, key labor) | All work centers |
| Granularity | Aggregate, weekly | Per operation, per machine, daily |
| Speed | Fast (minutes) | Slow (hours) |
| Action | Adjust MPS if infeasible | Adjust schedule, expedite, overtime |
RCCP is the coarse feasibility check; CRP is the detailed scheduling that follows MRP.
379.5. When RCCP detects infeasibility
If MPS exceeds capacity:
- Reduce MPS — produce less, accept stockouts or backorders
- Expand capacity — overtime, hire temps, weekend shifts
- Outsource — third-party manufacturing
- Shift production timing — produce earlier (carry inventory) or later (backorder)
- Substitute products — produce alternatives that use unused capacity
379.6. Limitations
- Critical-resource focus — ignores non-critical bottlenecks
- Aggregate timing — weekly buckets miss intra-week variations
- Static — doesn’t model setup times / changeovers
RCCP is sufficient for strategic planning; insufficient for shop-floor execution.
379.7. See also
- MPS — what RCCP checks
- MRP — downstream of RCCP
- Aggregate Planning — upstream of RCCP